Pune doctors say thyroid disorders affecting 2–3 in every 100 pregnancies

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Early diagnosis and treatment are vital for the health of both mother and child

Thyroid disorders during pregnancy are becoming highly prevalent as conditions like hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism are taking a toll on women during pregnancies.

Every year, Thyroid Awareness Month is observed in January to highlight the causes and effects of thyroid on people. While it affects people in general, doctors highlight that the effects during pregnancy can affect newborns adversely.

These thyroid problems lead to complications in the mother and the baby, as thyroid hormones play a crucial role in brain and nervous system development. Timely diagnosis and treatment will ensure a healthy pregnancy.

The thyroid gland is a butterfly-shaped organ based on the neck. It regulates metabolism, energy levels, and other functions. During pregnancy, thyroid dysfunctions such as hypothyroidism (underactive thyroid) or hyperthyroidism (overactive thyroid) are seen in women.

Dr Preethika Shetty, consultant obstetrician & gynecologist, Motherhood Hospitals, Kharadi, said, "Thyroid dysfunction can affect 2-3 in every 100 pregnancies. Many pregnant women can experience symptoms such as fatigue, weight changes, swelling, and mood changes. These conditions often occur due to autoimmune disorders, iodine deficiency, or pre-existing thyroid issues. With early detection via regular screenings and blood tests, and appropriate treatment like hormone therapy or medication, most thyroid-related complications can be effectively managed. Pregnant women are also encouraged to maintain a balanced diet rich in iodine and opt for regular prenatal care for prevention. We have observed Monthly at least 15 cases of Pregnancy with hypothyroidism aged between 30 to 40 years."

She added, "If left untreated, thyroid problems can lead to complications such as preterm birth, low birth weight, or developmental delays in the baby. Routine screenings, especially for women with a family history of thyroid problems or symptoms, are recommended during prenatal checkups for a healthy pregnancy. Treatment includes medication, eating iodine-rich foods like eggs, spinach, broccoli, and dairy, and keeping thyroid hormone levels in check throughout pregnancy."

"10-15 per cent of women get detected with infertility issues due to thyroid. We emphasize the importance of routine screenings and personalized treatment plans for thyroid disorders to ensure the health and well-being of both mother and baby. We aim to support women planning to get pregnant and assist them in reducing the chances of complications and having a healthy pregnancy journey. Women trying to conceive should opt for thyroid tests and follow the instructions given by the fertility specialist" concluded Dr Nisha Pansare, Fertility Specialist at Nova IVF Fertility.